Signaling is fundamental to how cells sense and respond to their environment—but in immune cells, those signals must be ...

Tooth root development relies on precise coordination of cellular signals, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Researchers have uncovered how two proteins, Gli2 and Gli3, work together to ...

(MEMPHIS, Tenn. – November 6, 2025) The enzyme RNA polymerase II transcribes genes into messenger RNA. This process is guided by modifications to the enzyme’s “tail” called phosphorylation patterns.

T cell activation—the process by which these key immune defenders recognize threats and mobilize against them—depends on ...

Researchers at the Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California (USC) have developed a new type of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell that elicits a more controlled immune response ...

A novel cell-free therapy restored hair growth, improved follicle structure, and showed no toxicity in preclinical models. Read more.