An overarching theme of the immune system in the bladder seems to be balancing the need to respond promptly to microbial challenge with the need to rapidly curtail inflammatory responses, as the ...

The function of the lower urinary tract — to store and periodically eliminate urine — seems simple, but its neuronal control is complex and not fully understood, and dysfunction is common. Functional ...

We evaluated the outcomes of augmentation ileocystoplasty in video-urodynamics (V-UDS) and questionnaires related to bowel and urinary function. Concomitant procedures of urethral sling in four, ...

In recent years, there has been a growing acknowledgment of the importance of gut and urinary microbiomes in overall health. As more people recognize these microorganisms’ critical role, supplements ...